USB accessories

What each accessory connects, how to bring it up, and the compatibility reference behind it.

The Energy Pro has one USB 2.0 port. It accepts one accessory at a time: the root hub is a single port and USB hubs are not supported, so an accessory cannot be stacked behind another. The port supplies 500 mA, which is enough for every accessory OptiBee supplies and not enough for a bus-powered disk.

Pick the accessory from the accessories page. This page is what you need once it is in your hand.

Before you plug anything in

  • Fit the accessory before you energise the cabinet where the cabinet layout allows it. The port sits on the front face and stays reachable afterwards.
  • Only one accessory is active. Swapping one for another is a deliberate change of the installation, not a runtime option.
  • Give the device up to a minute after a swap. Bring-up is automatic, but the interface is renamed and reconfigured before it reports ready.

Wi-Fi adapter

The wireless interface comes up as usbwifi0 and is configured like any other network interface on the device. Prefer 5 GHz where the cabinet allows it: a steel enclosure costs more signal than the difference between the two bands.

Measured on the device, same room, same access point:

AdapterPHY rateBandUploadDownload
RTL8811CU433.3 Mbit/s5 GHz · 80 MHz VHT6.26 MB/s10.95 MB/s
RTL8188EU72.2 Mbit/s2.4 GHz1.20 MB/s2.08 MB/s

Both figures are far above what energy optimisation needs. They matter when you are deciding whether to pull a cable, not whether the system will work.

Wi-Fi 6 dongles are not supported. RTL8832AU, RTL8851BU, RTL8852AU, mt7921u and mt7925u have no driver on the device and will not come up.

Ethernet adapter

The second wired interface comes up as usbnet0, separate from the built-in LAN port. Use it to keep an inverter or device network apart from the building network rather than to gain bandwidth.

RS485 adapter

The adapter appears as /dev/usbserial0 and is added as a third field bus alongside the two integrated RS485 segments. Termination and biasing follow the same rules as the integrated buses; see Field bus.

CAN adapter

The CAN interface comes up as usbcan0. Bit rate is set per installation and has to match the battery or device it talks to.

KNX adapter

The KNX interface is addressed as usb://<vid>:<pid> and is spoken to by the KNX app rather than by a kernel driver, using cEMI over usbfs. KNX interfaces following KNX Standard 9/3 with HID reports work; the Weinzierl KNX-USB family and its rebrands are what we test with.

Re-plugging requires a restart. The KNX app is given the device node that existed at start-up, so unplugging and re-plugging the interface leaves it unreachable until the device is restarted. Plan the KNX interface as a permanent part of the installation.

KNX has no device templates: what a group address means is decided by the ETS project, so you supply the point list when you register the installation.

Service USB

A storage device is mounted under /run/media and is used for authorised offline updates and service operations. Any USB mass storage device is recognised; the service procedure itself is documented separately.

Logs are not written to the stick.

Compatibility reference

You do not need this section to install an accessory OptiBee supplied. It is here so that a device already on site can be identified.

AccessoryDrivers on the deviceControllers
Wi-Firtw88 · mt76 · rtl8xxxuRTL8811CU/8821CU · MT7610U · RTL8188EU/8188FU/8192/8723
Ethernetax88179_178a · r8152 · smsc95xx · lan78xx · aqc111 · cdc_ether · cdc_ncm · rndis_host · dm9601 · mcs7830AX88179/AX88772 · RTL8152/8153 · LAN95xx/75xx/78xx · AQC111 · CDC ECM/EEM/NCM · RNDIS
RS485cp210x · ch341 · pl2303 · ftdi_sio · cdc-acmthe usual USB serial bridges
CANgs_usb · peak_usb · 8dev_usb · esd_usb · mcba_usb · ucanCANable / candleLight and the listed families
KNXnone — cEMI over usbfs, spoken by the KNX appKNX Std 9/3 HID interfaces
Storageusb-storageUSB mass storage

Not supported at all: USB hubs, USB-WWAN and LTE modems, and the Wi-Fi 6 parts listed above.

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